A Verifier Can Leak the Answer: Diagnosability Before Optimization in Closed-Loop Agent Debugging

arXiv:2610.00126v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agent developers increasingly compare prompts, tools, policies, and diagnosis algorithms through simulator-grounded verifiers. A verifier can nevertheless make a solver comparison vacuous: if its probes or predicates encode the target identity, an exact optimizer may appear effective without resolving any genuine ambiguity. We report such a failure in an aggregate-trace debugger for a closed-loop decision agent. Exact minimum hitting set (MHS) and a propagation-aware greedy method returned identical supports in 12/12 development cases and the s

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