arXiv — cs.AI preprintsInternational9 October 2026
Beyond Owls: Subliminal Learning Can Transfer Learned Capabilities and Backdoors
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arXiv:2610.10657v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In subliminal learning (SL), a teacher model passes on a trait to a student model by distillation on data semantically unrelated to the trait. So far, SL has been demonstrated for only a limited range of traits, including preferences for animals (e.g., owls) and malicious personas. These traits can also be elicited with simple prompts or with steering. Can SL transfer a wider range of traits, including more complex ones? If so, distillation might transfer subtle forms of misalignment (e.g., reward-seeking, scheming, and secret loyalties) withou
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