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arXiv — cs.AI preprintsInternational19 October 2026

GVPO: Group Variance Policy Optimization for Large Language Model Post-Training

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arXiv:2504.19599v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Post-training plays a crucial role in refining and aligning large language models to meet specific tasks and human preferences. While recent advancements in post-training techniques, such as Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), leverage increased sampling with relative reward scoring to achieve superior performance, these methods often suffer from training instability that limits their practical adoption. As a next step, we present Group Variance Policy Optimization (GVPO). GVPO incorporates the analytical solution to KL-constrained rew
— arXiv — cs.AI preprints

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