Multi-Behavioral Evolved Substrates Through Neuromodulation and Activation Selection

arXiv:2610.00148v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Open-ended artificial life systems must acquire diverse competencies from a single evolving genotype. Biological brains combine neuromodulation, which reconfigures circuits without changing connections, with diverse neuron types matched to specific computational roles. Can artificial evolution achieve something analogous in indirectly encoded substrates? Using indirectly encoded substrates evolved via CPPNs, we show through more than 10,000 experiments that neuromodulation alone is insufficient: under evolutionary search, monotonic activation f

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