SAE++: Cascaded Sparse Autoencoders Learn Multi-Level Visual Concepts in Multimodal LLMs

arXiv:2606.16193v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on vision-language tasks, yet their internal visual representations remain difficult to interpret. Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) provide a scalable way to decompose dense model activations into sparse, interpretable features. However, existing SAE architectures primarily recover flat feature dictionaries and are less suited for explicit multi-level concept organization. In this paper, we introduce a cascaded sparse autoencoder architecture, dubbed SAE++, for lear

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