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arXiv — cs.AI preprintsInternational15 October 2026

SHELDON: Reasoning through Dual Search over Hypothesis and Observation Spaces

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arXiv:2610.18025v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Test-time scaling has enabled LLMs to solve increasingly complex reasoning, discovery, and optimization tasks. However, existing approaches often gather observations while seeking evidence for current hypotheses, then generate new hypotheses conditioned on those hypotheses and their associated evidence. This couples observation discovery to existing hypotheses, favoring local refinements over exploration of unknown hypotheses regions. Inspired by the hypothetico-deductive method (Hempel, 1945) and dual-space models of scientific discovery (Klahr
— arXiv — cs.AI preprints

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