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arXiv — cs.AI preprintsInternational12 October 2026

Tabular Foundation Models Are Effectively Shallow

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arXiv:2610.13253v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In-context-learning Tabular Foundation Models (TFMs) are uniquely suited to scenarios with limited resources or privacy constraints, as they solve new tasks without additional training. However, their architecture consists of multiple transformer blocks, resulting in high computational and memory footprints. Meanwhile, traditional alternatives like Gradient-Boosted Decision Trees (GBDTs) remain highly competitive and run efficiently on CPUs, suggesting that tabular tasks may not inherently require deep architectures. This contrast raises a fund
— arXiv — cs.AI preprints

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