TRAP: Tool-result Replay Attack for Probing Misbinding in LLM Agents

arXiv:2610.16333v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As AI agents increasingly act through external tools, tool results are no longer simple outputs but execution artifacts that must remain correctly associated with the context that produced them. Yet as results persist across caches, recovery mechanisms, and shared runtime state, this association can break, causing a real and unmodified result to be consumed in an incompatible execution context and lead the agent to an unsafe action. We characterize this failure as tool-result misbinding. To systematically study this failure, we introduce ReplayBe

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