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arXiv — cs.AI preprintsInternational16 October 2026

BiShield-TEE: On the (In-)Security of Unilateral Weight Obfuscation in On-Device TEE-Shielded LLM Partition

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arXiv:2610.21565v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On-device deployment of large language models (LLMs) is increasingly adopted due to latency and privacy requirements, but exposes proprietary models to reverse engineering and intellectual property theft. Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) provide hardware-enforced isolation for on-device inference, yet most TEE-based parameter obfuscation relies on unilateral matrix transformations that obfuscate only output side. We identify a vulnerability in this design, termed the \emph{Solution Determinacy Property (SDP)}: the obfuscation secret is uni
— arXiv — cs.AI preprints

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