FFR: Forward-Forward Learning for Regression

arXiv:2606.03927v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The Forward-Forward (FF) algorithm offers a computationally efficient and biologically plausible alternative to backpropagation (BP) by training neural networks through purely local, layer-wise optimization. However, FF is inherently designed for classification via contrastive positive-negative sample pairs, and extending it to regression poses fundamental challenges: continuous target space lacks natural "opposites" for contrastive learning, and the standard goodness function carries no information about target magnitude or ordering. W

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