Harmful SFT Leaves a Continuous Trace in LLM Checkpoint Updates

arXiv:2610.07518v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Safety auditing of post-trained large language models typically relies on model behavior, requiring model execution and depending on the coverage of available evaluations. This work asks a different question: Do the target behaviors optimized during supervised fine-tuning (SFT) leave readable evidence directly in checkpoint updates? We find that harmful-compliance SFT induces a continuous, objective-dependent ordering in checkpoint-update space. Using a reference geometry defined by pure harmful-compliance, safety-targeted, and benign-utility S

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