arXiv — cs.AI preprintsInternational7 October 2026
Matching Object or Relation? Tracing Abstract Reasoning Inside VLMs
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arXiv:2610.07646v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision Language Models (VLMs) excel on visual benchmarks but fail systematically on tasks requiring abstract reasoning. Existing benchmarks document this failure but cannot say \emph{why} it happens or which cognitive capability is missing. We close this gap by adopting the Relational Match-to-Sample (RMTS) paradigm from comparative and developmental psychology and pairing it with a mechanistic analysis of the model's internals. On a parametrically controlled stimulus set evaluated across frontier API models (GPT, Claude, Gemini) and three open-s
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