Metamorphic testing of learned AC optimal power flow surrogates reveals representation dependence

arXiv:2611.13566v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Evaluating a learned AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) surrogate on one grid serialization cannot show whether its accuracy depends on that encoding. We test this dependence with thirteen metamorphic relations, each specifying when a transformation is valid and how to compare its outputs. Our audit covers 17 model and pipeline configurations: two released trained checkpoints and 15 random-weight architecture or mechanism controls. Every configuration violates at least six relations, even at reporting tolerances ten times tighter or looser. For Gri

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