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arXiv — cs.AI preprintsInternational7 October 2026

Textual Environmental Context and Spatial Graphs for LLM-Based Regional SST Forecasting

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arXiv:2610.07895v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sea surface temperature (SST) forecasting depends on local temporal persistence, regional spatial dependence, and environmental conditions that evolve with the forecast date. We study how these heterogeneous conditions can be presented to a large language model (LLM) for regional multi-step forecasting without serializing the full SST grid as text. We formulate forecasting as conditional numerical generation: historical SST and anomaly sequences, date-aligned environmental records, and static ocean knowledge form a textual context, while regional
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